Phenolic-rich extruded BRS 305 sorghum-based beverage improves fecal and blood metabolites, oxidative balance and cardiometabolic markers in adults with excess body weight: a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Abstract

To evaluate the impact of a phenolic-rich, extruded BRS305 sorghum-based beverage on fecal and blood metabolic, oxidative balance, and cardiometabolic parameters in adults with excess body weight. In a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 51 overweight adults of both sexes, were assigned to consume a sorghum beverage (SG, n = 25) or a control beverage (CG, n = 26), daily for 10 weeks, alongside a personalized hypocaloric diet (-500 kcal). The beverages phenolic profile was analyzed. Anthropometry, body composition, food intake, biochemicals, total plasma antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress, blood metabolite, fecal pH, short-chain fatty acids concentration, and Bristol stool scale were assessed at baseline and endpoint. The sorghum beverage exhibited high diversity of phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which reflected in higher plasma concentrations of trans-caffeic acid and naringenin in SG at the endpoint compared to the CG, along with an increase in total plasma antioxidant capacity. In the SG, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde decreased in intra-group, while catalase decreased at delta. In contrast, CG decreased nitric oxide levels and increased body fat percentage in intra-group. SG decreased insulin, triglycerides, HOMA-IR, and TyG index intra-group, maintaining body fat percentage; increased HDL-c and decreased Castelli I index at the endpoint; and decreased Castelli II index at delta. SG also decreased fecal pH and increased acetic acid content at endpoint and delta. These findings support the functional potential of extruded BRS305 sorghum-based beverage in improving fecal and blood metabolites, oxidative balance and cardiometabolic markers in adults with excess body weight.