Early-Phase Response of Broiler Breeders to 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 3 and Canthaxanthin with or Without Copper and Gluco-Oligosaccharides (30 to 41 Weeks).

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25-OH-D3), canthaxanthin (Cx), copper (Cu), and gluco-oligosaccharides (GO) on performance, egg quality, fertility, and hatchability of broiler breeder hens during early production (30 to 41 weeks of age). A total of 210 breeder hens and 21 males were allocated to three dietary treatments. Birds were fed a standard broiler breeder diet (control) or the same diet in which 0.5 kg/MT of an additive premix replaced sand. This premix supplied 16.6-17.7 mg/kg canthaxanthin (Cx) and 3700-4700 IU/kg 25-OH-D3 in Treatment 1, and 9.2-11.1 mg/kg Cx and 4100-4700 IU/kg 25-OH-D3 in Treatment 2. Treatment 2 also included Cu and GO (≥44 mg/g within the additive), with Cu provided at industry-standard levels. Each treatment consisted of seven replicates, with birds housed in floor pens containing 10 females and 1 male per replicate. Hen performance was recorded weekly, while egg quality was assessed at 30, 35, and 41 weeks. Fertility and hatchability were evaluated at 30 and 41 weeks. Treatment 2 improved lay rate, albumen height, Haugh unit, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) at selected time points. Both supplemented diets consistently produced darker yolk color compared with the control. Supplementation consistently enhanced yolk color, whereas effects on albumen height, Haugh unit, shell thickness, and FCR were observed only at specific ages or weeks. Lay rate differed among treatments only at week 40, with a trend observed at week 41. Fertility and hatchability were not significantly affected by dietary treatment.